The difference is in the action you are talking about and the form of the auxiliary verb "to have". In the PRESENT PERFECT you are talking about something that started in the past but, somehow, it's still affecting the present. To form it, you need to use: subject + to have (present form) + past participle form of the verb I have lived in Rome for 10 years by now (so I started living in Rome 10 years ago, and I am still living in Rome by the present time). In the PAST PERFECT, instead, you are talking about something that happened in the past and it finished in the past. The sentence form is the same but now you have to use the past form of the verb "to have": subject + HAD + past participle form of the verb I had lived in Rome for 10 years before moving to London (I lived in Rome for 10 years and then I moved to London, so I am not living in Rome anymore). I hope this helps!

Taking after someone means to take care of that person. You take after your mother, for example, means that you are taking care of her, helping her, protecting her.

You can form the simple future in English in three different ways: 1. You can use WILL to talk about a time later than now. To form the sentence the rule is very simple: subject + will + infinitve form of the verb I will go to school tomorrow. The negative form, WILL NOT, is contracted in WON'T and is commonly used in the english conversation. 2. You can use SHALL but only for the first singular and the first plural person (I and WE). Also, this is more formal. The sentence is the same: subject (I or we) + shall + infinite form of the verb We shall go to this Italian restaurant together. 3. You can use GOING TO when you talk about intentions and plans that are going to happen for sure. The sentence is formed in the same way: subject + going to + infinite form of the verb I am going to the gym after work.

You can form the simple future in English in three different ways: 1. You can use WILL to talk about a time later than now. To form the sentence the rule is very simple: subject + will + infinitve form of the verb I will go to school tomorrow. The negative form, WILL NOT, is contracted in WON'T and is commonly used in the english conversation. 2. You can use SHALL but only for the first singular and the first plural person (I and WE). Also, this is more formal. The sentence is the same: subject (I or we) + shall + infinite form of the verb We shall go to this Italian restaurant together. 3. You can use GOING TO when you talk about intentions and plans that are going to happen for sure. The sentence is formed in the same way: subject + going to + infinite form of the verb I am going to the gym after work.

Taking after someone means to take care of that person. You take after your mother, for example, means that you are taking care of her, helping her, protecting her.