The present perfect is used for life experiences, past actions with a result now, and the duration of action.
Experience:
1. I have been to Paris
2. I've tried Italian pasta
3. I've eaten Spanish food
Duration:
1. I've attended English lessons for 5 months
2. I've lived in Rome for 5 years
Result now of a past action:
(with a stomachache) 1. I've eaten too much.
(the streets are wet) 2. It has rained.
(it's summer now) 3. Summer has begun, and spring has ended
Past simple: The action happened at a specific time in the past.
1. I went to Paris in 2020
2. I tried Italian pasta when I came to Rome
3. I ate Spanish food when I was in Spain
Duration:
1. I started attending English lessons 5 months ago(in April)
2. I came to Rome in 2018
and the last one:
1. Yesterday the food was delicious, and I ate too much
2. It rained last night
3. Summer began in June and spring ended in June
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